Deutsche Bank AG (NYSE: DB)

Deutsche Bank is Germany's largest bank and one of the most storied—and troubled—financial institutions in Europe. The bank operates across investment banking, corporate banking, private banking, and asset management through DWS Group. Once a dominant force on Wall Street, Deutsche Bank spent a decade retreating from its global ambitions after scandals and losses.

Deutsche Bank earns revenue from investment banking fees (particularly fixed-income trading), corporate lending, private banking wealth management fees, and asset management through its majority stake in DWS. The bank has been shifting toward more stable, fee-based income.

Founded in Berlin in 1870 to facilitate German foreign trade, Deutsche Bank grew into a global powerhouse through aggressive expansion in the 1990s and 2000s. The acquisition of Bankers Trust in 1999 cemented its Wall Street presence. A $7.2 billion DOJ settlement in 2017 over mortgage-backed securities marked the nadir of a decade of crises.